Organic Qualitative Analysis

Outline

  1. Classification of Organic Compounds by Solubility

    1. Background

    2. Determination of Solubilities

      1. Flow Chart


      2. Classes of Compounds


      3. Experimental Procedure


    3. General Solubility Rules

      4. The types of compounds soluble in a particular solvent are summarized on the following pages:

      1. Water Soluble Compounds


      2. 5% Sodium Hydroxide Soluble Compounds


      3. 5% Sodium Bicarbonate Soluble Compounds


      4. 5% Hydrochloric Acid Soluble Compounds


      5. 96% Sulfuric Acid Soluble Compounds


      6. Solubility of Amphoteric Compounds


    4. Solubility in Organic Solvents

      5. The solubility of an organic sunstance in organic solvents should be determined in order to carry out a variety of laboratory operations ranging from planning a reaction to cleaning glassware.

      It is very difficult to divine the exact functional group present in a molecule by solubility tests alone. For this reason, the next step in the identification of an unknown compound will be performing chemical tests.

  2. Chemical Tests for Functional Groups

    3. Performing classification tests can elucidate which specific functional groups are present in an unknown. Because there are so many different tests, solubility tests are usually performed first to limit the number of different functional groups for which to test.

    1. Chemical Tests


  3. Problems

    1. Solubility Problems


    2. Chemical Test Problems