In hood: Add drop by drop 0.2 mL of acetyl chloride to 0.2 mL or 0.2 g of the unknown. Allow the mixture to stand for a minute or two and then pour it cautiously into 1 mL of water.
Evolution of heat and HCl gas or a precipitate is a positive test.
Alcohols and phenols produce esters indicated by the formation of a top layer in the flask.
Primary and secondary amines form amides which precipitate.
Moisture present in the unknown will give positive test.
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